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017 Negativity Bias

7/11/2025

 
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017 Negativity Bias

Here is a contemporary idiom that you probably have heard, in one form or another:

“A lie (bad news) can travel around the earth before truth (good news) can lace up their shoes.” 

The origin of this idiom seems to be in the 1700’s. A lie was then described as ‘fast, fleet of foot, winged. Truth was labeled as slow. Of course this current version has been amended many times and seems that no one person can be attributed to this expression, not even Mark Twain or Winston Churchill!

Negativity Bias is the term that sociologists and therapists use to describe a certain tendency in us.

Humans seem to have a built-in need to speak about negative things: perhaps an evolutionary aspect of survival telling others to be aware of danger or to avoid misfortune. We could certainly call this a built-in ‘bias’ which shows up in spreading gossip and news of tragedy or another human’s character flaws, or language and related cultural viewpoints. 

Really? Someone does something kind to, or for, you early in the day, and by nighttime all that is spoken about or remembered is the nasty comment from a fellow worker or the blasphemous driving of a fellow commuter. 

Yet, we continue. 

Does the out of state license plate, the choice of clothing being worn, the wrong political view, or the chewing of food with one’s mouth open - does this experience need repeating from a condescending viewpoint? It would seem that our views are ‘correct’ and others are ‘questionable’. We tend to seek news and share views with others that are similar to our own. This is reinforced on social systems and news sources by suggestions and advertisements that are favorable to our written or spoken opinions. Bias based footing continues to erode our personal structure.

Bias is sometimes ‘known’ and many times ‘not even thought about’. We are influenced and summarily reinforced during our lives on so many items that we only know that something is different when we bump into a diametrical opinion, AND at the same time we choose to listen for a change and not defend. 


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So is there a method for reducing bias? 
It’s a lot like admitting we have a negative addiction prior to making any corrections.

From a far away viewpoint of looking back at our actions how do we see our manners? 

Is it even worth the effort to reduce our bias’s? If ‘good and kind manners’ are seen as light and healing’, and ‘selfish and negative bias’s as darkness and communicable disease’, can we sum up our present earthly journey? Light, grey, partially light and grey intermittently, mostly dark and sometimes quite dark, on and off alternating light ? 

Does it personally matter to examine our bias since it seems no one else on our present  journey is concerned for these things?


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Pretend for a moment that our words are like a dandelion in full seed. Do we know where the winds of life will spread our biased views? and into which journeyer’s heart these may fall?

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016 Reasoning

7/3/2025

 
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016 Reasoning

It’s surprising how frequently we come to conclusions. Whether it is knowingly or perhaps subliminally, we would not do well on our journey without these summarizations.

Deductive
Here’s an example: Rule - All fruits have seeds. Data or viewpoint - Tomatoes have seeds. Conclusion:  tomatoes must be a fruit! (Botanically, tomatoes are a fruit, part of the nightshade family of which peppers and eggplants are also ‘fruits’.
Strong guiding rule - apply the rule - and you can draw a conclusion. 

Inductive
In this case there is not a guiding rule from which to make a conclusion. However there is enough surrounding data (evidence) to make a good judgement.
Example: The teacher is not at school today. Yesterday the teacher mentioned that members of their family had the flu. Conclusion - The teacher is absent today because they are sick also.
Considering reasonably related observations (no hard and fast rule present), one may conclude that most likely the teacher is sick also. 
There could be many reasons why the teacher is absent; however this teacher never misses a day of school, they are gone today and had talked about sickness in the family, so a natural conclusion is that they are sick also.

Abductive
There is no rule present, seemingly various sorts of observations present, although the observations may not seem to be related, and a tentative conclusion is made. An abductive summary is the best attempt to summarize the observation or data into a reasonable guess. There is no certainty, just the best guess possible.

NOTE: The philosophy world uses these Latin based words: Deduct (to take away), Induct (to make part of), Abduct (to draw away). A bit of humor might be needed here: we are not talking of an alien abduction!


Examples: 
• A patient has a fever, sore throat, and fatigue. The doctor quite possibly might believe that the patient is suffering from the flu.
• In a courtroom the jury arrives at a verdict based on their reasoning of the evidence and witness’s testimony.
• The grass is wet this morning, it must have rained last night.

Limitations:
• The simplistic explanation is not always correct.
• There could be personal bias involved.
• Not enough evidence for a clear conclusion.


Summarizing:

Deductive Reasoning: Guiding rule, apply the rule, highly certain of the deduction.

Inductive Reasoning: Observance of related data or evidence, conclusion that is most likely.

Abductive Reasoning: Summarizing various, possibly unrelated, evidence into a ‘most likely’ conclusion. Certainty is questionable.

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•  Have you ever based your decisions on something from a rule that is absolutely certain?

•  What happened to you when this rule was amended or changed or found to not apply anymore?

•  Does the order of “Deductive, Inductive, and then Abductive” tend to parallel our increasing maturity?

•  Which reasoning method is the most common one you use?

•  When you meet someone new, which method do you use to make conclusions of the new acquaintance?



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